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Alberto Israel Errera〔See picture of Alberto Errera in the Jewish Museum of Greece : http://www.jewishmuseum.gr/dyncontent/repository/repository/15990/web_E5K_00129.jpg〕 ((ギリシア語: Αλβέρτος Ερρέρα); born 15 January 1913 in Larissa and died in August 1944 in Birkenau), was a Greek-Jewish officer and a member of the anti-Nazi resistance. He was a member of the ''Sonderkommando'' in Auschwitz-Birkenau from May to August 1944. He took part in the preparation of the ''Sonderkommando'' uprising. He is the author of the ''Sonderkommando'' photographs and became famous for a spectacular escape attempt. ==Biography== Before the war, Alberto Errera became an officer in the Greek army (Navy). He joined the partisans during the German occupation of Greece. He took the Christian name Alex (Alekos) Michaelides. On the night of 24 to 25 March 1944, he was arrested by the Germans in Larissa, among 225 Jews.〔Gideon Greif, ''We wept without tears'', Yale University Press, 2005, p. 375.〕 He was jailed in Haidari camp.〔Marcel Nadjary, ''Χρονικό 1941–1945 ()'', Ιδρυμα Ετσ - Αχα'ι'μ, Thessaloniki, 1991, p. 36.〕 He was deported from Athens on 2 April and arrived at Auschwitz on 11 April. He was one of the 320 Greek men selected for labor (serial numbers from 182,440 to 182,759). His number was 182,552. He was assigned as ''Heizer'' (that is to say, a member of the ''Sonderkommando'' assigned to the crematorium furnace) in Birkenau ''Krematorium'' V. Alter Fajnzylberg talks about his athletic build〔Alter Fajnzylberg, ''Les cahiers d'Alter Fajnzylberg : ce que j'ai vu à Auschwitz'', Éditions Rosiers, 2014.〕 and Leon Cohen describe his unusual strength.〔Leon Cohen, ''From Greece to Birkenau : the crematoria workers'uprising'', Salonika Jewry Research Center, 1996.〕 According to Filip Müller,〔See Filip Müller, ''Eyewitness Auschwitz: Three Years in the Gas Chambers'', Stein and Day, 1979.〕 Leon Cohen〔Leon Cohen, ''From Greece to Birkenau : the crematoria workers'uprising'', Salonika Jewry Research Center, 1996.〕 and the historian Hermann Langbein,〔Hermann Langbein, ''People in Auschwitz'', p. 217 : ''Kaminski and two Greeks who had participated in an earlier discussion of these plans with Porebski decided to organize a rebellion of the Sonderkommando, which had nothing to lose. The name of one of the two Greeks has been passed along; Eduard de Wind writes about Errera from Larissa and Albert Menasche mentions Alexander Hereirra. While Paisikovic does not remember the name, he does recall that a very intelligent Greek who was known on the detail for his beautiful singing took part in the preparatory work.'' The second Greek is probably Giuseppe Baruch, aka Pepo.〕 he actively participated in the preparation of the ''Sonderkommando'' uprising alongside Yaacov Kaminski, Jankiel Handelsmann, Jukl Wrobel, Josef Warszawski, a man named Wladek, Giuseppe Baruch and Zalmen Gradowski,〔 Zalmen Gradowski, ''Au cœur de l’enfer'', Tallandier, 2009.〕 among others. Through the testimony of Alter Fajnzylberg,〔Alter Fajnzylberg, ''Les cahiers d'Alter Fajnzylberg : ce que j'ai vu à Auschwitz'', Éditions Rosiers, 2014.〕〔See Alban Perrin, Ecrits au cœur de la catastrophe : http://www.akadem.org/sommaire/colloques/ecrire-la-destruction-du-monde-judeo-polonais-1945-1960-/ecrits-au-coeur-de-la-catastrophe-2-2-09-07-2014-60879_4534.php〕 we know that this is Errera who took the famous ''Sonderkommando'' photographs.〔About these photographs, see Georges Didi-Huberman, ''Images in Spite of All: Four Photographs from Auschwitz'', University of Chicago Press, 2008, first published as ''Images malgré tout'' Les Éditions de Minuit, 2003.〕〔Gary Spicer, The Sonderkommando photographs : http://www.academia.edu/2552802/THE_SONDERKOMMANDO_PHOTOGRAPHS〕〔Steven Bowman, ''The Agony of Greek Jews, 1940–1945'', Stanford University Press, 2009, p. 95〕 with the help of Dawid Szmulewski,〔See the testimony of Szmulewski in Jean-Claude Pressac, ''Technique and operation of the gas chambers'', Beate Klarfeld Foundation, 1989. Online here : http://www.holocaust-history.org/auschwitz/pressac/technique-and-operation/pressac0424.shtml〕 a member of the resistance, and three other members of the ''Sonderkommando'', Szlama Dragon, his brother and Alter Fajnzylberg who kept watch.〔Hermann Langbein, '' People in Auschwitz '', The University of North Carolina Press, 2004.〕 Errera buried the camera in the soil of the camp. On 9 August,〔After the German Auschwitz police station register of August 9, 1944. See the conference of Igor Bartosik in Brussels, 2013 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mx9QflSlCSE〕 during the transport of ash from the ''Krematorium'', to be discharged into the Vistula, Errera tried to convince his three co-detainees (including Hugo Baruch Venezia and Henri Nechama Capon) to escape, but they refused. Once on site, Errera stunned the accompanying two ''Schupos'' with a shovel, and plunged into the Vistula. He was caught during the next two or three days, tortured and killed. As usual when a fugitive was caught, his body was exposed at the camp entrance, as an example to the other inmates. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alberto Errera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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